Conceptualizing Content According to Language, Learner, and Social Context.

Focus on Language

Linguistic Skills	Situations
Pronounciation, grammar, vocabulary e.g intonation, verb tenses, prefixes and suffixes.	The contexts in which language is used e.g at the hospital, at the clinic.
Topics / themes	Communicative Functions
What the language is used to talk about e.g. healthy relations, medical terminology.	What the language is used for e.g expressing preference, asking for directions.
Competencies	Tasks
Language and behavior to perform tasks e.g receive patient,	What you accomplish with the Language e.g , speak english well, for work
Content	Speaking
Subject matter other than language e.g Listening for patient	Oral skills e.g dialog, producing fluent stretches of discourse
Listening	Reading
Aural comprehension skills e.g listening for gist,	Understanding written texts and learning reading subskills e.g predicting content, understanding the main idea, interpreting the text
Writing	Genre
Producing written texts and learning writing sub skills e.g using appropriate rhetorical structure,	Spoken and written texts that accomplish a purpose within a social context e.g analyzing a text, in terms of its purpose and how it achleves the purpose within the social context producting texts.

 Focus on Learning and the Learner

Affective Goals	Interpersonal Skills	Learning Strategies
Attitudes toward learning, language, and culture e.g developing confidence. Learning from one’s mistakes	How one interacts with others to promote learning e.g learning to work effectively in groups	How one learns e.g self – monitoring, memory techniques, and practice.

Focus on Social Context

Sociolinguistic Skills	Sociocultural Skills	Sociopolitical Skills
Choosing and using appropriate language e.g levels of politeness. Body language	Understanding cultural norms and their relation to one’s own e.g expectations of men and women, gift - giving	Learning to antique and take action for effective change e.g navigating systems, critical interpretation of text.

Questionnaires

Name              : devia nur astuti

Faculty            : psik   

Semester        : 2

Hobby              : membaca

• 1.      Do you like English?
• Yes
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• No
• Reasons KARENA MUDAH, TAPI KOSA KATA NYA SULIT.
• 3.      Have you ever take course before?  
• Yes
• 4.      How long did you study? 
• 1 TAHUN..
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
•  8
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• reading  
• 7.       What media do you usually use in learning English?
• Other media BUKU  
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
•   For study
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course?  
• BISA BERBICARA DENGAN BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
•  Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• Yes

Questionnaires

Name              : DONI

Faculty            : PSIK

Semester        : 4

Hobby              : -

• 1.      Do you like English?
•   No
• 2.      Is English difficult?
•  Yes
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
•     no
• 4.      How long did you study?
•  no
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 3…
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
•  Speaking
• 7.      What media do you usually use in learning English?
•  Newspaper
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
•  For work
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course?
•  BISA NGOMONG BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
•  Male
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
•   Yes

Questionnaires

Name              : FITRI

Faculty            : PSIK

Semester        : 2

Hobby              : MENYANYI

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      No
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      Yes
• Reasons KARENA SUSAH MENHAPAL KOSA KATA.
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study? 
• 1 TAHUN.
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 6
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      Listening
• 7.       What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Music
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      Just for fun
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course? 
• INGIN BISA BERBICARA PAKAI BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

QUESTIONER

Name              : HARI SATRIA

Faculty            : PSIK

Semester        : 4

Hobby              : -

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      No
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      Yes
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study? 
• SEDANG KURSUS..
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 5…
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      Listening
• 7.      What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Music
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• a.      Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      For study
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course? 
• BISA MENGERTI BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

Questionnaires

Name              : INDAH

Faculty            : PSIK

Semester        : 2

Hobby              : -

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      Yes
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      No
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study? 
• 6 BULAN..
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 8
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      Listening
• 7.      What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Music 
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• a.      Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      For study
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course? 
• DAPAT BERBICARA DENGAN BAHASA INGGRIS DENGAN LANCAR
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

Questionnaires

Name              : MISNA KURNIA WATI

Faculty            : PSIK

Semester        : 2

Hobby              : MEMBACA

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      Yes
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      Yes
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study?   
• 3 BULAN
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 3
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      reading  
• 7.       What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Music
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• a.      Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      For study
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course?
•  DAPAT BEBICARA DENGAN BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

Questionnaires

Name               :  SARI MANALU

Faculty             : PSIK

Semester          : 2

Hobby              : BERENANG

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      Yes
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      No
• Reasons KARENA CUMA MENGARTIKAN..
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study?
•  6 BULAN..
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
•  6 …
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      reading  
• 7.       What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Magazine
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
•    Yourself
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      Other purpose . INGIN TAU TENTANG LUAR NEGRI
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course? 
• INGIN MENDALAMI TENTANG BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

QUESTIONER

Name              : SARI

Faculty                        : PSIK

Semester        : 6

Hobby              : -

• 1.      Do you like English?
• a.      No
• 2.      Is English difficult?
• a.      Yes
• 3.      Have you ever take course before? 
• a.      Yes
• 4.      How long did you study? 
• LUPA.
• 5.      How far is your skill in English, if rating 1 - 10? 
• 4…
• 6.      What skill has you mastered and like?
• a.      reading  
• 7.       What media do you usually use in learning English?
• a.      Magazine 
• 8.      Who motivates you in learning English?
• a.      Teacher
• 9.      What is your purpose to take the course?
• a.      For study
• 10.  What your wish is after took the course?
•  BISA BICARA DENGAN BAHASA INGGRIS
• 11.  Which teacher do you like?
• a.      Female
• 12.  Is English can help you in reach the goals?
• a.      Yes
• 13.  If there is an English course for nurse, do you want to follow?
• a.      Yes

Task 3

NO	CATEGORIES	EXAMPLE OF BELIEF	EXAMPLE OF CLASSROOM ACTIVITY OF A CLASS OF ADULT LEARNER
1	Your pont of view	Language is behaviorism, learning a language means accustumed to use it through speaking without considering grammatical error, so it will courage students to speak.	A teacher encourages or motivates students to speak and students speak english when the learning is happening.
2	Your view of the social context of language	Teacher tries to make the students enjoy to learn through approches languages.	A teacher tries to get closed to the students through combining the learning with jokes or motivation related to the materials and using understandable language, so students will eager to study the lesson.
3	Your view of learning  and learners	Learning can be achived if there is a sincronization between learners and learning so if they are match, the students will enjoy and understand the lesson easly	Before studying teacher give some optional material to students and they will choose what they like best, teacher give chance to students to share what they know about the materials and teacher will add the additional to strenghten their knowledge.
4	Your view of teaching	Teaching is crusial theory which can effect the effevtiveness and success of learning, so the teaching must be interest and unique.	Teacher uses media in the class, while teacher is teaching, teacher uses some pictures, in focus, and etc. To make the students experience the learning process, so the learning will be done well

Task 4. assesing needs

1. When should one do needs assesment ?
2. Give comment toward the following staatement: writing activities can serve a veariety of purpposes for needs assessment.
3. Draw up a needs assesment plan for the course you are designing (consider your choicefor task 1)

 

Answer

1. Before the learning begins, a teacher must consider everything about the needs assesment including information about learners abilities, level, interest learning strategies, expectation.
2. Based on graves statement, we agree, because through wrong students will dare to share their ideas, what they think, what they interest, what they like or dislike and everything about them.
3. Redesign MEI English course

Deciding what information to gather

Abilities : Their background knowledge of English and we will know it through entrance exam Level : Their classes at school, whether they are elementary, junior, or senior high school. Interest: choose the lesson/learning based on students interest. For instance, what sport they like best, that what we’ll teach Learning Strategies: Students centered, students  must be more active. So at least there is something that they’ll get after studying. Expectation: Students will be able to achieve the learning Result : Students will be able to achieve the four skill well, such as speaking, writing, reading and listening.

List the kinds of additional information to design  course for the following context.

English for Nurse in Jambi, the students are from  each district in Jambi province. They are taking a course to improve their reading and speaking skills. They are about 17 years old.

1.       Defining the context:
People :

-          Nurse students from each district in Jambi province.

-           Gender : male and female

-          Age : 17 years old

Place : in Telanai

Type of course : English course for nurse students, focus on speaking and reading skills

Materials : everything which is influenced to Hospitalization, such as how to serve patient, how to treat patient, how to communicate to patients and doctors, and making report of patients.

Time : 

-          Duration is 1,5 hours

-          We open classes in the afternoon and the meeting is twice a week

-          Students may also  choose an available time that they want.

2.       Articulating Belief

-          Think of a language lesson that you thought was an excellent lesson. Imagine that after the lesson you run into. A colleague who asks you “How was the lesson?’’ you respond that it was a great lesson, the colleague says, “oh really” what makes it so great?” explain it as much detail as possible why you thought t was a good lesson!

-           we named our course with English Nursing course, so the people will know that our course is focus on nurse students.  We adopted the lesson with their lecture and hospitalization as they will be future nurses which will have good competence in English, so they are able to work in international hospital.

-          Atmosphere : The teachers are friendly, they try to students as well as possible through kinds of teaching methods, brainstorming, discussions, etc.

-          Facilities: we provide in focus, so it will be more sophisticated, full air conditioner, tape recorder to train students’ listening skill, and clean classroom.

-          The lesson is very great because we are not only teaching about theory, but we also making the simulation and practice in such situations, so the students can practice directly. And they will understand what they learn easily. After the theory we will do practicing directly. So students will grasp the knowledge well, because they experience it.

-          we invite native speaker once a month, so students can practice their speaking skill with native speaker directly.